Official websites use. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. Email: yaohua. Recommendations for the management of HAD are still lacking, partly due to a poor understanding of the underlying processes. We aimed to review existing data on risk factors, pathophysiology, measurement tools, and potential interventions.
We selected studies that included people aged 60 years or older. Three researchers independently selected articles and assessed their quality. From articles initially retrieved, we included 94 studies. Most were related to risk factors, trajectories and measures, and focused on the physical aspects of deconditioning. Regarding interventions, almost all studies were devoted to physical rehabilitation and environmental modifications.
Only one study focused on cognitive stimulation. In the last decade, studies on HAD have mostly focused on the physical domain. However, neurological changes may also play a role in the pathophysiology of HAD. Beyond physical interventions, cognitive rehabilitation and neurological interventions should also be evaluated to improve deconditioning prevention and treatment in the hospital setting. Our aim was to undertake a systematic review on HAD in the acute hospital setting and provide a practical overview aimed at frontline health professionals.
We included original articles, theses or gray literature related to HAD i. The detailed search strategy is in Appendix 1 in the supporting Information. After removing duplicates, the selection of articles was carried out in two stages. First, we reviewed article titles and abstracts. The second stage consisted of reviewing the full text of the selected articles.
The articles deemed to meet our inclusion criteria following this second stage full text review were included in the final sample. We extracted key study characteristics including the authors' names, country, publication date, type of study, measures, participant characteristics and outcomes.
