Phil Neuman is a builder of early double reed instruments and performs on a variety of winds and strings. He is the co-director of Ensemble De Organographia and The Oregon Renaissance Band. They can be purchased online at www. Pitch designation: CC: 16 foot C, five ledger lines and a space below the bass clef. C : 8 foot C, two ledger lines below the bass clef. This type of construction, using wound bark to form the bore, survives in the traditional Norwegian lur. It is also possible that some were made in halves from wood then wound with bark.
Often in our cities we see shepherds from the Voigtland and Switzerland earning their meals by performing on these long instruments.
Anvil : enclume, incudine, Amboss The anvil, used as a percussion instrument. It was cited by Virdung in Musica getutscht in and illustrated by Praetorius in Syntagma Musicum, volume II, in Praetorius also shows four striking tools of different shapes and sizes.
Bandora : pandora, Bandur A bass member of the cittern family invented in London around by John Rose. The body had a scalloped outline, central rose, and flat back like the orpharion. It was plucked with the fingers in the manner of the lute. It was included in the standardized English consort along with treble viol or violin, flute or recorder, lute, cittern, and bass viol.
It commonly had twelve wire strings arranged in six courses tuned a, e, c, G, D, C. Like other members of the cittern family, it was fitted with fixed brass frets. Bassanello : An open double reed instrument with a narrow conical bore and no bell flare. The bassanelli are similar to the larger shawms in range and fingering but softer in sound.
