Official websites use. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. Ghannoum, mahmoud. This article was submitted to Microbial Immunology, a section of the journal Frontiers in Microbiology. The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author s and the copyright owner s are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice.
No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. The adult intestine hosts a myriad of diverse bacterial species that reside mostly in the lower gut maintaining a symbiosis with the human habitat.
In the current review, we describe the neoteric advancement in our comprehension of how the gut microbiota communicates with the skin as one of the main regulators in the gut-skin axis. We attempted to explore how this potential link affects skin differentiation and keratinization, its influence on modulating the cutaneous immune response in various diseases, and finally how to take advantage of this communication in the control of different skin conditions.
Keywords: gut microbiome, skin homeostasis, acne vulgaris, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, probiotics. As our primary interface with the external environment, both organs are essential to the maintenance of physiologic homeostasis. Cumulative evidence has demonstrated an intimate, bidirectional connection between the gut and skin, and numerous studies link gastrointestinal GI health to skin homeostasis and allostasis Figure 1 Levkovich et al.
GI disorders are often accompanied by cutaneous manifestations and the GI system, particularly the gut microbiome, appears to participate in the pathophysiology of many inflammatory disorders Shah et al. Our gut microbiome is a vast collection of bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa colonizing our GI system Ipci et al. Recent advances in metagenomics and the advent of high-throughput DNA-sequencing technology has enhanced our understanding of the microbiome and its dynamic influence on human health and pathology Boyle et al.
